Emulsions and Foams
Surface Activity:
surfactants as amphiphiles
surface free energy and interfacial tension
surface excess of emulsifier
measuring surface tension
Formation, Stabilization, and Wetting:
formation of emulsions and foams
emulsion stabilization
foam drainage and film breakage
wetting of solid particles
Microemulsions
Molecular Organization
Fat and Emulsifier Crystals:
triglyceride crystals
emulsifier crystals
crystal modifiers
Mesophases:
mesophase structures
surfactant phase diagrams
Significance for Food Applications
Food Emulsifiers
Emulsifier Types:
monoglycerides
monoglyceride derivatives
sorbitan derivatives
polyhydric emulsifiers
anionic emulsifiers
lecithin
Hydrophilic/Lipophilic Balance:
basic principle of the concept
experimental determination of HLB
Proteins:
foaming agents
emulsifying agents
Regulations
Bakery Products
Antistaling Agents:
starch gelatinization
starch retrogradation
bread staling
emulsifier-starch complexation
Dough Strengtheners
Aeration Agents
Troubleshooting
Dairy and Nondairy Products
Milk
Butter and Margarine:
butter
margarine
Whipped Cream and Nondairy Whipped Toppings:
whipped cream
nondairy whipped toppings
Ice Cream
Coffee Whiteners
Troubleshooting
Dressings and Sauces
Polysaccharides at Interfaces:
gums
modified starch
cellulose derivatives
Salad Dressings:
pourable salad dressings
spoonable salad dressings
Mayonnaise
Reduced-Fat Dressings and Sauces
Troubleshooting
Beverages
Flavor Emulsions:
oil phase
emulsion stabilizers
emulsion preparation
Stability:
creaming
Flocculation
coalescence
Microemulsions
Troubleshooting
Glossary
Index