Dairy-Based Ingredients

By Ramesh Chandan

1997; 8" x 10" softcover; 
144 pages; 2 black and white photographs; 
19 black and white illustrations; 68 tables.

ISBN: 0-913250-94-5
$69

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Dairy-Based Ingredients offers fast answers to most questions about the use of milk-derived products as ingredients in the food industry. It is the first single source to bring together the practical information needed to understand and work with dairy-based ingredients in a concise, easy-to-follow format. Equipped with this guide, food professionals no longer need to spend time searching for answers to questions about dairy-based ingredients in the scattered scientific literature or the product-specific information provided by suppliers.

Designed for anyone working in the food industry--not just technical staff--this ready reference offers quick access to basic technical information. Among the dairy ingredients covered are fluid milk, milk concentrates, cheese and cheese products, frozen deserts, whey products and lactose, fermented milks, and milkfat concentrates. This book also covers the use of these components in a wide variety of finished food products, including baked goods, confectionery, sauces, dressings, puddings, infant formulas, snack foods, meats, and more. Details include basic chemistry, functional properties, food applications, tips on problem-solving, analytical testing, processing characteristics, production and specifications, nutrition, labeling, safety, and regulatory issues.

Dairy-Based Ingredients is designed for maximum convenience. The presentation is direct and easy-to-read. Definitions, facts, and principles appear in the page margins to highlight key information. Troubleshooting tables allow readers to quickly look up symptoms, causes, and solutions to common application problems. A generous supply of illustrations, diagrams, and charts simplifies important processes and data. Tables summarize specifications, chemical composition, and other critical information. Photographs show examples of current technology, equipment, and products at key stages in the production process.

This handbook is a valuable resource for a wide range of professionals in the food industry, including new product developers, quality assurance staff, production personnel, plant managers and supervisors, course instructors, students, engineers, chemists, microbiologists, purchasing agents, suppliers, and technical sales representatives.

Ramesh Chandan is president of Global Technologies, Inc., a consulting firm for the food science and technology industry. His career of 42 years includes positions at major food companies, universities, and research institutions in the United States, the United Kingdom, and India.

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Table of Contents

Properties of Milk and Its Components

• Milk Composition.
• Constituents of Milk: major constituents, minor and trace constituents.
• Physical Properties of Milk : color, flavor, density and specific gravity, surface tension, foaming, viscosity, specific heat, electrical conductivity, freezing point, boiling point, refractivity.

Basic Milk Processing

• Raw Milk Handling and Storage.
• Separation.
• Standardization: fat standardization, standardization of fat and solids-not-fat.
• Pasteurization.
• Homogenization.
• Packaging and Storage.

Production and Specifications of Milk Concentrates

• Concentrated Milk Products: condensed products, dry milk products.
• Whey Products and Lactose: processing techniques, whey products, lactose.
• Milkfat Concentrates: cream, butter and its products.

Processing and Specifications of Dairy Foods

• Cheese and Cheese Products: natural cheeses, process cheese products, other.
• Fermented Milks.
• Ice Cream and Frozen Desserts: formulation of ice cream, soft frozen dairy products.

Baked Products

• Butter in Baked Products: functions of butter, handling of butter in bakeries.
• Hard Wheat Products: pastry and laminated doughs, bread and biscuits.
• Soft Wheat Products: cakes, crackers, other products.
• Role of Dairy Ingredients in Fat Reduction of Baked Foods.
• Troubleshooting.

Chocolate and Confectionery Products

• Chocolate Products: dairy-based ingredients, manufacturing considerations.
• Confections: dairy-based ingredients, manufacturing considerations.
• New Opportunities in Chocolate and Confections for Dairy-Based Ingredients.
• Troubleshooting.

Sauces, Dressings, and Dairy Desserts

• Cheese Sauces/Dressings: manufacture, quality evaluation.
• Dressings and Dips: dairy salad dressings, sour-cream-based dips
• Puddings.
• Troubleshooting.

Snack Foods, Meats, and Other Applications

• Snack Foods: collets, chip production, cheese seasonings.
• Meat Products: functional properties of dairy-based ingredients, processing considerations.
• Other Applications: infant formulas, functional foods, dairy biologics, probiotics and prebiotics.
• Troubleshooting.

Nutrition and Labeling

• Nutrients in Dairy Products: vitamins and minerals, protein quality, milkfat, nutritional concerns, milk allergy.
• Food Labeling.

Regulatory and Safety Aspect

• Regulation by the Food and Drug Administration:the pasteurized milk ordinance, standards of identity.
• Analytical Tests.
• Microbiological Safety and Sanitary Practices: good manufacturing practices, hazard analysis and critical control points.

Appendix A. Origin and Description of Some Off-Flavors in Milk

Appendix B. Typical Composition of Dairy Ingredients

Appendix C. Typical Specifications for Milk Concentrates

Appendix D. Processing Guidelines

Glossary

Index

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