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© Copyright 2009 AACC International.
Published January 2009.
Biochemical methods for carbohydrate determination
B. McCleary. Megazyme International Ireland, Bray County Wicklow, Ireland
McCleary, B. 2009. Biochemical methods for carbohydrate determination. Online. AACC International Cereal Science Knowledge Database
Enzymes have found widespread application in the modification of polysaccharides and in the production and characterisation of oligosaccharides. In this presentation, I will discuss some examples of these applications, but will mainly focus on the use of enzymes in the measurement of mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides. Successful application of enzymes in analytical procedures requires that the enzymes are highly purified and free of contaminating activities. Traditionally, this has required extensive purification formats or the development of specific affinity chromatographic procedures. These requirements are now circumvented with the advent of molecular biology that allows the production of large quantities of very pure enzymes with greatly reduced effort. Enzymic methods are generally based on the hydrolysis of a given oligosaccharide or polysaccharide to their monosaccharide constituents followed by enzymatic determination of the specific monosaccharide. Methods for the measurement of glucose have been available for decades, but those for other sugars such as D-galactose, L-arabinose and D-xylose were either non-existent, or very slow. In this presentation, methods for the measurement of polysaccharides (beta-glucan, starch and arabinoxylan), oligosaccharides (fructan and raffinose) and monosaccharides (D-glucose, D-galactose and D-xylose) will be described.
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